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The Yoga Madhava temple, dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu is located in Settikere, in the Tumkur district of Karnataka state, India. ==Temple plan== According to the art historian Adam Hardy, the temple which was built in 1261 A.D. by an officer of the Hoysala empire (ruled by King Narasimha III) is a three ''vimana'' (shrine) plan with the central shrine being semi-stellate (star shaped). The other two shrines on each side of the closed ''mantapa'' (hall) are ''semi-vimanas'' because they exhibit no tower. The building material is Soap stone.〔Hardy (1995), p.343〕 The temple has all the standard features of the Hoysala architectural idiom:an open entrance ''mantapa'' (''mukhamantapa'' or porch) followed by a closed ''mantapa'' with no windows, ''sukhanasi'' (vestibule) and a ''garbhagriha'' ("sanctum").〔Kamath (1980), p.134〕 The temple gets an elevated look due to the ''jagati'' it stands on (a platform that is about a meter high).〔Quote:"The Jagati serves the purpose of a ''pradakshinapatha'' (circumambulation) as the shrine has no such arrangement in Hoysala temples", Kamath (2001), p.135〕 According to art historian Gerard Foekema, being a triple ''vimana'' construction it qualifies as a ''trikuta'' plan although only the central ''vimana'' usually has a tower (called ''shikhara'') over it. The entrance to the temple is through an open pillared porch (''mukhamantapa'') followed by a closed ''mantapa'' (or ''navaranga'').〔Foekema (1996), p.25〕〔 According to Hardy, the eastern side of the temple shows some later additions.〔 The porch consists of an awning supported by lathe turned half pillars and parapets on either side.〔Foekema (1996), p.24〕 The closed hall which has no windows connects to the sanctum via a vestibule (called ''sukhanasi''). The vestibule also as a tower (also called ''sukhanasi'') which looks like a low protrusion of the main tower over the shrine. The inner walls of the shrine are square and plain where as the outer walls are semi-stellate (semi-star shaped) with numerous recesses and projections that are used for decorative relief consisting of Aedicula and pilasters. The outer wall of the vestibule is also decorative but is inconspicuous because it appears like a short continuation of the shrine outer wall. The ceiling of the closed hall is supported by four lathe turned pillars which divide the ceiling into nine decorated bays.〔Foekema (1996), pp.21-22〕 According to art historian Percy Brown the lathe turned pillars with four brackets above are a characteristic style of the Kalyani Chalukya-Hoysala architecture.〔Brown in Kamath (1980), p.134〕 At the top of the shrine tower is the ''kalasha'', a decorative water-pot like structure that is placed over a large dome (the "helmet") which is the largest piece of sculpture in the temple measuring about 2m x 2m.〔Foekema (1996), p.27〕 The design of the tower, according to Brown, is a specialty in Hoysala art. According to him, the stellate form of the base of the shrine with its "projections and recesses" is carried through the tower giving it a "fluted effect". The tower is divided into tiers with each tier diminishing in height and culminating in an umbrella like structure.〔Brown in Kamath (1980), pp.134-135〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yoga Madhava Temple, Settikere」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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